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Friday, January 7, 2011

UNIVERSE

UNIVERSE
• Cheron is the moon of Pluto
• Total number of satellites are 31 (chk: 50)
• Blue color of sky is due to Tyndal Effect
• Our solar system contains 50 satelites
• Total planets in solar system are 8
• Distance of sun from earth is 150 million km = 1 a.u (angstrom unit)
• Moon from earth is 385,000 km
• Outer surface of sum is called photosphere
• Sun has 90% hydrogen, 8% helium and 2% other elements.
• Temperature at surface of sun is 6000K and at its center 20 million K
• Venus reflects highest percentage of light
• Morning star is called to Venus.
• Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise
• Rhea is the fifth natural satellite of Saturn.
• Speed of earth in orbit around sun is 8.5 miles per second.
• The only planet which rotates on its axis from East to West is Uranus
• Uranus is called lopsided planet
• Uranus contain atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium
• Period of rotation of earth on axis is 1 day or 23 hrs, 56 minutes & 4.09 seconds.
• Period of revolution of Earth around Sun is 356 days, 6 hrs, 9 minutes & 9.54 seconds.
• Volume of Earth is 260 billion cubic miles.
• Weight of earth is 6586x10 power 18 tons
• Rings of Saturn were discovered by Galileo in 1610
• Titan, the largest moon in solar system is of Saturn
• Triton is a satellite of Neptune
• Planet referred as Morning Star and Evening Star is Venus
• Venus’ atmosphere is 90 times thicker than earth’s.
• The temperature of Venus’ surface is about 430 deg: C
• Biggest Comet known to man is kohoutek
• Only planet whose day is longer than its year is Venus
• Brightest visible star is Sirus
• Star nearest to earth is Sun
• Atmosphere of sun has 3 layers
• Sun spots are the cooler areas of sun
• In 28 days moon returns to the same position in its orbit
• The light coming from stars give the idea of their temperature.
• A light year is equal to 9.46 trillion km
• Sun radiated energy equal to 10 trillion of TNT explosion
• Mercury is nearest to the sun, smallest and fastest planet, with shortest rotation time. Moon = 0
• Venus is the brightest, hottest, closest to earth and earth’s twin in size and mass, has largest quantity of CO2 Moon = 0
• Earth is most dense, watery, bios planet. Moon = 1
• This is an instrument used for measuring the altitude of a celestial body: sextant
• Mars moon = 2- Phobos and Deimos
• Mars is named after the Roman god of war.
• Mars is called Red planet
• Mars is half the size of earth
• Europa is a moon of Mars (chk
• Mars contain atmosphere of carbondioxide
• Jupiter is largest, with largest number of satellites, smallest day, with a red spot. Moon = 63
• Jupiter is 11(or 10) times larger than earth
• Europa is the moon of Jupiter.
• CHIIRON is the larges comet in the universe.
• Solar eclipse occurs at new moon
• Sun is 400 times larger than moon
• Lunar eclipse occurs at full moon.
• Halos around the moon are formed because of the phenomenon of ___ (optical phenomena)

• Jupiter is the fastest planet of the solar system
• The Asteroid Belt is found between which of the following planets? Mars and Jupiter
• The visible part of the Sun is called Photosphere
• Corona is the outer most halo of the Sun.
• Mercury and Venus are without Satellites.
• The largest crater on the surface of moon is called to Bailly.
• The earth is calculated to b 4540 million years old.
• A ‘shooting star’ is a meteor.
• At 7050 km per hour, Sun rotate on its axis.
• 510 million square kilometers is the total surface area of the earth.
• The northern polar lights are called Aurorae Borealis, and southern polar lights are called Aurorae Australis.
• The pulsating universe theory explains the evolution of universe.
• 760 miles/hr is the speed of sound.
• 1480, 00,000 km is the distance from sun to earth.
• Temperature of Sun is 6000 degree C.

• Saturn is least dense moon = 56
• Saturn is the second largest planet.
• Planet with maximum number of moons is Saturn
• Planet with ring is Saturn
• Uranus moon = 12, Uranus gives greenish glow
• Neptune is the coldest, slowest, largest year moon = 8
• Rank of earth as per size is Fifth
• Revolution period of earth is 365.25 days
• In a leap year there are 29 days in Febrary
• Earth is older than moon
• Sun light takes 8.3 min to reach earth or 510 seconds
• Time required to moon light to reach earth is 1.3 seconds
• Light can circle earth 7 times in a________.
• Sun is 109 times bigger than earth.
• Light travels fastest in vaccum
• Rhea is the fifth natural satellite of saturn
• Coldest, smallest and farthest planet Neptune
• Asteroids are small planets revolving round the sun
• Sun is the brightest star in the universe
• A shooting star is called a meteor
• Our galaxy is spiral known as Milky Way
• Shape of our milky way is spiral
• The milky way extends through the distance of 10 power 5 light years
• Super Nova is a dying star
• Nearest spiral galaxy to Milky Way is Andromeda galaxy
• Nearest start to our sun is Alpha Centauri
• Biggest star in our galaxy is Proxima Centauri
• A collection of galaxies is called cluster
• .moon is 81 times lighter than earth
• Moon has 7% reflection as compared to earth (i.e poor reflection)
• Moon has 1/6th gravitation as that of earth
• Moon’s 59% surface is visible from earth
• Mass of moon is 1/8th to that of the earth
• Moon has no atmosphere
• Sun is closer to earth in January
• At perihelion, earth is nearest tosun
• Earth’s axis is inclined at an angle of 66 ½ deg: to the plane of its orbit around the sun or the axis is inclined at 23 ½ deg: from the vertical
• Soros cycle is the largest interval between two total solar eclipses about 18 years
• Sun has 27 day rotation period
• Moon’s rotation period is equal to the Earth’s
• Rotation period of earth is 23hrs, 56min, 4sec
• Earth rotates around on axis pointing towards the Polar Star
• Revolution period is 365 ¼ days = 365.25 days, ¼ is added for leap year
• Duration of day at poles is 6 months.
• Equinox means equal days and nights
• Sun’s energy is called Insulation
• The visible yellow face of sun is called Photosphere
• The gravity of sun is 28 times greater than that of earth
• Moon completes 13 circles in a year around earth
• Sun is 13 x 10 power 5 times larger than earth
• Maximum duration of solar eclipse is 7 min 40 sec
• Sun reaches its maximum angular distance from Equator at Solistice
• Millions of asteroids orbit the sun in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter
• Asteroids (minor planets) are make of rock, metal or a mixture of both.
• First asteroid discovered was Ceres by Italian astronomer Guiseppe Piazzi in 1801.
• Ceres is the largest asteroid
• Chiron is one of several distant asteroids which orbit between Jupiter and Uranus
• The largest crater on the surface of moon is called to Bailly.
• Corona is the outer most halo of the Sun.
• Comet is made of ice and dust
• Edmond Halley was the first to calculate the path of a comet and predict when it would be seen again.
• Halley’s comet was named in his honor though he did not discover it.
• The patterns in stars are called constellations.
• In 1930, astronomers finally agreed how to divide the whole sky into 88 areas, which are called constellations.
• Closest star is Gienah
• Speed of light is 3,00,000 km/sec
• Which planet is named after the Roman god of war? Mars
• Galaxies are the families of stars.
• About 80% of galaxies are elliptical and other are spiral
• Elliptical galaxies contain very little gas and dust and hardly any new stars are born in them.
• Spiral galaxies are disk shaped and usually have clouds of dust and gas where new stars are born.
• Light travels at 3,00,000 km/s. the speed at which you can round the world seven times in very second.
• Light takes 8 minutes to reach the earth from sun.
• In space light travels 9461 million million km in a year. Astronomers call this distance a light year.
• Two planet Earth’s could fit side by side inside the Great Red Spot of Jupiter.
• Jupiter’s volcanic moon is called IO and other moons are Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.
• Ganymede is the largest moon in the solar system.
• Europa is the moon of Jupiter
• The moon has no atmosphere because its gravitational pull is not strong enough to hold an atmosphere
• Chondrite meteorites are the oldest rocks in the solar system.
• Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.
• ‘Galileo Satellites’, named after their discoverer, are four large moons of the planet
• Mars contain atmosphere of Carbon dioxide and Uranus contain atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium.
• Venus is about the same size as Earth.
• Venus’s atmosphere is 90 times thicker than our. It traps so well that the temperature of Venus’s surface is about 430 degree centigrade.
• Closest star is (Gienah) 680,000 million, million, kilometers.
• Nicolous Copernicus (1473-1543) was born in Poland. He was the first to explain the solar system.
• Chiron is one of several distant asteroids with orbits between Jupiter and Uranus.
• In the Solar system there are 2 Mount Olympus's Greece and where- Mars
• What is the brightest star always in the Northern sky-Vega
• The most common element in the universe is Nitrogen.
• Hydra is the largest of the 88 constellations found in the universe. It covers about 3.16 % of the entire sky.
• The M-class supergiant Betelgease with a diametre of 700 million kms is the largest star of the universe. It is about 500 times greater than the sun.
• What is the common name for the star Sirius: Dog Star
• Pluto (the Planet) was almost called what name-Zeus
• When a satellite is closest to Earth its position is called what Perigee
• 30 km/s is the approximate mean velocity with which earth moves round the Sun in its orbit.
• The earth’s reflectivity of solar radiation is termed as albedo.
• Joseph von Fraunhofer was the first to explain the presence of dark lines in the sun’s spectrum.
• Light of sun reaches the earth in.....499 seconds
• Hale-Bopp comet was the most distant comet ever discovered which became visible in December, 1996.
• What is the name of the largest moon of Jupiter-Ganymede
• M31 is the nearest galaxy to us - what is its other name-Andromeda
• The earth is the densest planet of universe .It has density of 5.515 time that of water.
• Halos around the moon are formed because of the phenomenon of ___ (optical phenomena)
• What is unique about the pistol star- Brightest in sky
• Name the first teddy bear in space- Mishka 1980 Olympic mascot
• What celestial body gets its name from the Greek long haired Comet
• What's unusual about the moons of Uranus-Named Shakespeare characters
ADVENTURES IN SPACE
• First artificial satellite was Sputnik-I sent by Soviet Union on October 4, 1957
• Sputnik-II on November 3, 1957 took a female dog Laika into space
• On July 20, 1969 US Apollo 11 touched down the moon
• Skylab was launched in 1973 by US.
• What country launched its first space rocket January 1961-Italy
• What happened to Laika first dog in space Suffocated no air burned re-entry
• A Russian space programs name meant East what was it Vostok
• What was the first man made object to leave the solar system Pioneer 10
• Voyager I, spacecraft introduced ring system of Jupiter.

• Escape velocity is 24800 miles/hour or 7 miles/sec
• First human in space is Yuri Gagrin 1961 on USSR
• Appolo crew returned to earth with 382 kg of moon soil
• First space scientist was Henry Quendish
• Man entered in space on 14 October 1957
• First American shuttle to land on moon named “Bamini” in March, 1966
• First woman in space was Valentine Khurachoof in 14 June, 1963
• America launched its first space station in 1973
• In 1979 Sky Lab was destroyed in earth’s atmosphere
• In 1986, Russia launched its space station Mir
• Hubble telescope launched in April 243, 1990 through Discovery Shuttle
• Apollo XI enabled man to step on moon
• Russian cosmonaut Valery Polyakov holds the record for the longest stay in space. He spent 437 days in orbit in the Mir Space Station.
• The first American Astronaut to go into space was Allen Shepherd.
• First space vehicle to land on moon was Luna-9
• Voyager I, spacecraft introduced ring system of Jupiter.
• Pioneer 10 and 11 launched in 1973 and 1974, voyager 1 & 2 in 1979 and Galileo in 1995 were missions sent to Jupiter
• Astronomers know of over 50 moons orbiting Jupiter.
• Vostok I carried first man in space.
• Telstar, the world’s first communication satellite was launched in 1962.
• Mercury project, first manned space programme of USA, carried the first American into space on 5th May 1961.
• Sputnik II, first artificial satellite was launched on 3 Nov: 1957.
• Lovell telescope is at Jodrell Bank (Site for space observatory).
• Yuri Gagarin (Russia) cosmonauts became first traveler in space in 1961.
• The first American Astronaut to go into space was Allen Shepherd
• Russian Cosmonaut valley polyakov holds the record for the longest stay in space. He spent 437 days in orbit in the Mir Space Station.
• What was the first food consumed on the moon in Apollo 11- Turkey
• The first person to orbit the earth in space. John Glenn
• Columbia Space shuttle broke up on re-entry to Earth on Feb 1, 2003.
• Skylab was space laboratory launched in 1973 by USA.
• First women in space Valentine Tereshkove went into space in Vostoc 6 on 16 June 1963.
• On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldren landed on the moon.
• Geostationary Orbit is at a height of 36,000 km.
• Pathfinder is robot craft that landed on Mars in 1997.

4 comments:

  1. earth complete one revolution around sun in approx. 365 days not 356 days

    ReplyDelete
  2. the light coming from the stars gives the idea of their rotational speed

    ReplyDelete
  3. that's how fast the Earth flies around the sun:
    https://live-counter.com/planetary-orbits/
    All other planets are also listed!

    ReplyDelete
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