UNIVERSE

UNIVERSE
• Cheron is the moon of Pluto
• Total number of satellites are 31 (chk: 50)
• Blue color of sky is due to Tyndal Effect
• Our solar system contains 50 satelites
• Total planets in solar system are 8
• Distance of sun from earth is 150 million km = 1 a.u (angstrom unit)
• Moon from earth is 385,000 km
• Outer surface of sum is called photosphere
• Sun has 90% hydrogen, 8% helium and 2% other elements.
• Temperature at surface of sun is 6000K and at its center 20 million K
• Venus reflects highest percentage of light
• Morning star is called to Venus.
• Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise
• Rhea is the fifth natural satellite of Saturn.
• Speed of earth in orbit around sun is 8.5 miles per second.
• The only planet which rotates on its axis from East to West is Uranus
• Uranus is called lopsided planet
• Uranus contain atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium
• Period of rotation of earth on axis is 1 day or 23 hrs, 56 minutes & 4.09 seconds.
• Period of revolution of Earth around Sun is 356 days, 6 hrs, 9 minutes & 9.54 seconds.
• Volume of Earth is 260 billion cubic miles.
• Weight of earth is 6586x10 power 18 tons
• Rings of Saturn were discovered by Galileo in 1610
• Titan, the largest moon in solar system is of Saturn
• Triton is a satellite of Neptune
• Planet referred as Morning Star and Evening Star is Venus
• Venus’ atmosphere is 90 times thicker than earth’s.
• The temperature of Venus’ surface is about 430 deg: C
• Biggest Comet known to man is kohoutek
• Only planet whose day is longer than its year is Venus
• Brightest visible star is Sirus
• Star nearest to earth is Sun
• Atmosphere of sun has 3 layers
• Sun spots are the cooler areas of sun
• In 28 days moon returns to the same position in its orbit
• The light coming from stars give the idea of their temperature.
• A light year is equal to 9.46 trillion km
• Sun radiated energy equal to 10 trillion of TNT explosion
• Mercury is nearest to the sun, smallest and fastest planet, with shortest rotation time. Moon = 0
• Venus is the brightest, hottest, closest to earth and earth’s twin in size and mass, has largest quantity of CO2 Moon = 0
• Earth is most dense, watery, bios planet. Moon = 1
• This is an instrument used for measuring the altitude of a celestial body: sextant
• Mars moon = 2- Phobos and Deimos
• Mars is named after the Roman god of war.
• Mars is called Red planet
• Mars is half the size of earth
• Europa is a moon of Mars (chk
• Mars contain atmosphere of carbondioxide
• Jupiter is largest, with largest number of satellites, smallest day, with a red spot. Moon = 63
• Jupiter is 11(or 10) times larger than earth
• Europa is the moon of Jupiter.
• CHIIRON is the larges comet in the universe.
• Solar eclipse occurs at new moon
• Sun is 400 times larger than moon
• Lunar eclipse occurs at full moon.
• Halos around the moon are formed because of the phenomenon of ___ (optical phenomena)
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• Jupiter is the fastest planet of the solar system
• The Asteroid Belt is found between which of the following planets? Mars and Jupiter
• The visible part of the Sun is called Photosphere
• Corona is the outer most halo of the Sun.
• Mercury and Venus are without Satellites.
• The largest crater on the surface of moon is called to Bailly.
• The earth is calculated to b 4540 million years old.
• A ‘shooting star’ is a meteor.
• At 7050 km per hour, Sun rotate on its axis.
• 510 million square kilometers is the total surface area of the earth.
• The northern polar lights are called Aurorae Borealis, and southern polar lights are called Aurorae Australis.
• The pulsating universe theory explains the evolution of universe.
• 760 miles/hr is the speed of sound.
• 1480, 00,000 km is the distance from sun to earth.
• Temperature of Sun is 6000 degree C.
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• Saturn is least dense moon = 56
• Saturn is the second largest planet.
• Planet with maximum number of moons is Saturn
• Planet with ring is Saturn
• Uranus moon = 12, Uranus gives greenish glow
• Neptune is the coldest, slowest, largest year moon = 8
• Rank of earth as per size is Fifth
• Revolution period of earth is 365.25 days
• In a leap year there are 29 days in Febrary
• Earth is older than moon
• Sun light takes 8.3 min to reach earth or 510 seconds
• Time required to moon light to reach earth is 1.3 seconds
• Light can circle earth 7 times in a________.
• Sun is 109 times bigger than earth.
• Light travels fastest in vaccum
• Rhea is the fifth natural satellite of saturn
• Coldest, smallest and farthest planet Neptune
• Asteroids are small planets revolving round the sun
• Sun is the brightest star in the universe
• A shooting star is called a meteor
• Our galaxy is spiral known as Milky Way
• Shape of our milky way is spiral
• The milky way extends through the distance of 10 power 5 light years
• Super Nova is a dying star
• Nearest spiral galaxy to Milky Way is Andromeda galaxy
• Nearest start to our sun is Alpha Centauri
• Biggest star in our galaxy is Proxima Centauri
• A collection of galaxies is called cluster
• .moon is 81 times lighter than earth
• Moon has 7% reflection as compared to earth (i.e poor reflection)
• Moon has 1/6th gravitation as that of earth
• Moon’s 59% surface is visible from earth
• Mass of moon is 1/8th to that of the earth
• Moon has no atmosphere
• Sun is closer to earth in January
• At perihelion, earth is nearest tosun
• Earth’s axis is inclined at an angle of 66 ½ deg: to the plane of its orbit around the sun or the axis is inclined at 23 ½ deg: from the vertical
• Soros cycle is the largest interval between two total solar eclipses about 18 years
• Sun has 27 day rotation period
• Moon’s rotation period is equal to the Earth’s
• Rotation period of earth is 23hrs, 56min, 4sec
• Earth rotates around on axis pointing towards the Polar Star
• Revolution period is 365 ¼ days = 365.25 days, ¼ is added for leap year
• Duration of day at poles is 6 months.
• Equinox means equal days and nights
• Sun’s energy is called Insulation
• The visible yellow face of sun is called Photosphere
• The gravity of sun is 28 times greater than that of earth
• Moon completes 13 circles in a year around earth
• Sun is 13 x 10 power 5 times larger than earth
• Maximum duration of solar eclipse is 7 min 40 sec
• Sun reaches its maximum angular distance from Equator at Solistice
• Millions of asteroids orbit the sun in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter
• Asteroids (minor planets) are make of rock, metal or a mixture of both.
• First asteroid discovered was Ceres by Italian astronomer Guiseppe Piazzi in 1801.
• Ceres is the largest asteroid
• Chiron is one of several distant asteroids which orbit between Jupiter and Uranus
• The largest crater on the surface of moon is called to Bailly.
• Corona is the outer most halo of the Sun.
• Comet is made of ice and dust
• Edmond Halley was the first to calculate the path of a comet and predict when it would be seen again.
• Halley’s comet was named in his honor though he did not discover it.
• The patterns in stars are called constellations.
• In 1930, astronomers finally agreed how to divide the whole sky into 88 areas, which are called constellations.
• Closest star is Gienah
• Speed of light is 3,00,000 km/sec
• Which planet is named after the Roman god of war? Mars
• Galaxies are the families of stars.
• About 80% of galaxies are elliptical and other are spiral
• Elliptical galaxies contain very little gas and dust and hardly any new stars are born in them.
• Spiral galaxies are disk shaped and usually have clouds of dust and gas where new stars are born.
• Light travels at 3,00,000 km/s. the speed at which you can round the world seven times in very second.
• Light takes 8 minutes to reach the earth from sun.
• In space light travels 9461 million million km in a year. Astronomers call this distance a light year.
• Two planet Earth’s could fit side by side inside the Great Red Spot of Jupiter.
• Jupiter’s volcanic moon is called IO and other moons are Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.
• Ganymede is the largest moon in the solar system.
• Europa is the moon of Jupiter
• The moon has no atmosphere because its gravitational pull is not strong enough to hold an atmosphere
• Chondrite meteorites are the oldest rocks in the solar system.
• Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.
• ‘Galileo Satellites’, named after their discoverer, are four large moons of the planet
• Mars contain atmosphere of Carbon dioxide and Uranus contain atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium.
• Venus is about the same size as Earth.
• Venus’s atmosphere is 90 times thicker than our. It traps so well that the temperature of Venus’s surface is about 430 degree centigrade.
• Closest star is (Gienah) 680,000 million, million, kilometers.
• Nicolous Copernicus (1473-1543) was born in Poland. He was the first to explain the solar system.
• Chiron is one of several distant asteroids with orbits between Jupiter and Uranus.
• In the Solar system there are 2 Mount Olympus's Greece and where- Mars
• What is the brightest star always in the Northern sky-Vega
• The most common element in the universe is Nitrogen.
• Hydra is the largest of the 88 constellations found in the universe. It covers about 3.16 % of the entire sky.
• The M-class supergiant Betelgease with a diametre of 700 million kms is the largest star of the universe. It is about 500 times greater than the sun.
• What is the common name for the star Sirius: Dog Star
• Pluto (the Planet) was almost called what name-Zeus
• When a satellite is closest to Earth its position is called what Perigee
• 30 km/s is the approximate mean velocity with which earth moves round the Sun in its orbit.
• The earth’s reflectivity of solar radiation is termed as albedo.
• Joseph von Fraunhofer was the first to explain the presence of dark lines in the sun’s spectrum.
• Light of sun reaches the earth in.....499 seconds
• Hale-Bopp comet was the most distant comet ever discovered which became visible in December, 1996.
• What is the name of the largest moon of Jupiter-Ganymede
• M31 is the nearest galaxy to us - what is its other name-Andromeda
• The earth is the densest planet of universe .It has density of 5.515 time that of water.
• Halos around the moon are formed because of the phenomenon of ___ (optical phenomena)
• What is unique about the pistol star- Brightest in sky
• Name the first teddy bear in space- Mishka 1980 Olympic mascot
• What celestial body gets its name from the Greek long haired Comet
• What's unusual about the moons of Uranus-Named Shakespeare characters
ADVENTURES IN SPACE
• First artificial satellite was Sputnik-I sent by Soviet Union on October 4, 1957
• Sputnik-II on November 3, 1957 took a female dog Laika into space
• On July 20, 1969 US Apollo 11 touched down the moon
• Skylab was launched in 1973 by US.
• What country launched its first space rocket January 1961-Italy
• What happened to Laika first dog in space Suffocated no air burned re-entry
• A Russian space programs name meant East what was it Vostok
• What was the first man made object to leave the solar system Pioneer 10
• Voyager I, spacecraft introduced ring system of Jupiter.
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• Escape velocity is 24800 miles/hour or 7 miles/sec
• First human in space is Yuri Gagrin 1961 on USSR
• Appolo crew returned to earth with 382 kg of moon soil
• First space scientist was Henry Quendish
• Man entered in space on 14 October 1957
• First American shuttle to land on moon named “Bamini” in March, 1966
• First woman in space was Valentine Khurachoof in 14 June, 1963
• America launched its first space station in 1973
• In 1979 Sky Lab was destroyed in earth’s atmosphere
• In 1986, Russia launched its space station Mir
• Hubble telescope launched in April 243, 1990 through Discovery Shuttle
• Apollo XI enabled man to step on moon
• Russian cosmonaut Valery Polyakov holds the record for the longest stay in space. He spent 437 days in orbit in the Mir Space Station.
• The first American Astronaut to go into space was Allen Shepherd.
• First space vehicle to land on moon was Luna-9
• Voyager I, spacecraft introduced ring system of Jupiter.
• Pioneer 10 and 11 launched in 1973 and 1974, voyager 1 & 2 in 1979 and Galileo in 1995 were missions sent to Jupiter
• Astronomers know of over 50 moons orbiting Jupiter.
• Vostok I carried first man in space.
• Telstar, the world’s first communication satellite was launched in 1962.
• Mercury project, first manned space programme of USA, carried the first American into space on 5th May 1961.
• Sputnik II, first artificial satellite was launched on 3 Nov: 1957.
• Lovell telescope is at Jodrell Bank (Site for space observatory).
• Yuri Gagarin (Russia) cosmonauts became first traveler in space in 1961.
• The first American Astronaut to go into space was Allen Shepherd
• Russian Cosmonaut valley polyakov holds the record for the longest stay in space. He spent 437 days in orbit in the Mir Space Station.
• What was the first food consumed on the moon in Apollo 11- Turkey
• The first person to orbit the earth in space. John Glenn
• Columbia Space shuttle broke up on re-entry to Earth on Feb 1, 2003.
• Skylab was space laboratory launched in 1973 by USA.
• First women in space Valentine Tereshkove went into space in Vostoc 6 on 16 June 1963.
• On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldren landed on the moon.
• Geostationary Orbit is at a height of 36,000 km.
• Pathfinder is robot craft that landed on Mars in 1997.